Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. An Overview. PB2015100255

In 2010, NASA and the National Science Foundation asked the National Research Council to assemble a committee of experts (the decadal survey committee) to develop an integrated national strategy that would guide agency investments in solar and space physics (or heliophysics in the terminology used by NASA) for the years 2013-2022. That strategy, the result of nearly 2 years of effort by the survey committee, which worked with more than 100 scientists and engineers on eight supporting study panels, is presented in the 2013 publication, Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. This booklet, designed to be accessible to a broader audience of policymakers and the interested public, summarizes the content of that report but does not replace, nor should it be construed, as a substitute for the findings and recommendations of the actual report. For more info contact NTIS 800-553-6847 Mon – Fri 8am -5pm est
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Experimental Control of Sea Lampreys with Electricity on the South Shore of Lake Superior, 1953-60 Great

images[1]Experimental control of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, with electric barriers was begun in Lake Superior in 1953. Electrical devices were the most practical and promising method of control then available. Installed below spawning grounds in streams and rivers tributary to Lake Superior, these barriers were designed to prevent the sexually mature sea lampreys from reproducing. The catch of sea lampreys at the electric barriers increased rapidly from 1,668 in 1953 to 66,931 in 1958, The total catches dropped substantially in 1959 and 1960 to 52,173 and 39,783, respectively. Electric fields of sufficient intensity to block sea lampreys were potentially lethal to other fish and caused undesirable mortality. Improvements in design and installation, and the development of a directcurrent diversion device reduced the mortality and increased the efficiency of operation. The development of control by selective chemicals in 1958 superseded the barrier control system which was terminated at the end of the 1960 season. The electric barrier operation provided considerable information on mature sea lampreys, including data on time of migration, length, weight, and sex composition. Electric devices of the type and design used are capable of blocking entire runs of adult sea lampreys. An accurate appraisal of the effectiveness of the barrier system is impossible, however. Most of the barriers were not operated long enough to reduce the contribution of parasites from the streams. Furthermore, a complete system of efficient electric barriers was never realized. The greatest weakness of this method of control lies in maintenance of the units in continuous, uninterrupted operation through consecutive migratory seasons. Personal Author A. L. McLain B. R. Smith For more info go to: http://www.ntis.gov/search/product.aspx?ABBR=PB2014102406 or call NTIS 1-800-553-6847 Mon – Fri 8am – 5pm est.